CovidSeniorV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000900

Behavior change due to COVID-19 among dental academics-The theory of planned behavior: Stresses, worries, training, and pandemic severity.

Identifieur interne : 000900 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000899; suivant : 000901

Behavior change due to COVID-19 among dental academics-The theory of planned behavior: Stresses, worries, training, and pandemic severity.

Auteurs : Nour Ammar [Égypte] ; Nourhan M. Aly [Égypte] ; Morenike O. Folayan [Nigeria] ; Yousef Khader [Jordanie] ; Jorma I. Virtanen [Norvège] ; Ola B. Al-Batayneh [Jordanie] ; Simin Z. Mohebbi [Iran] ; Sameh Attia [Allemagne] ; Hans-Peter Howaldt [Allemagne] ; Sebastian Boettger [Allemagne] ; Diah A. Maharani [Indonésie] ; Anton Rahardjo [Indonésie] ; Imran Khan [Inde] ; Marwa Madi [Arabie saoudite] ; Maher Rashwan [Royaume-Uni, Égypte] ; Verica Pavlic [Bosnie-Herzégovine] ; Smiljka Cicmil [Bosnie-Herzégovine] ; Youn-Hee Choi [Corée du Sud] ; Easter Joury [Royaume-Uni] ; Jorge L. Castillo [Pérou] ; Kanako Noritake [Japon] ; Anas Shamala [Yémen] ; Gabriella Galluccio [Italie] ; Antonella Polimeni [Italie] ; Prathip Phantumvanit [Thaïlande] ; Davide Mancino [France] ; Jin-Bom Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Maha M. Abdelsalam [Arabie saoudite] ; Arheiam Arheiam [Libye] ; Mai A. Dama ; Myat Nyan [Birmanie] ; Iyad Hussein [Émirats arabes unis] ; Mohammad M. Alkeshan [Corée du Sud] ; Ana P. Vukovic [Serbie] ; Alfredo Iandolo [Italie] ; Arthur M. Kemoli [Kenya] ; Maha El Tantawi [Égypte]

Source :

PloS one [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2020.

RBID : pubmed:32991611

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Adult (MeSH), Aged (MeSH), Betacoronavirus (MeSH), Coronavirus Infections (prevention & control), Coronavirus Infections (psychology), Cross-Sectional Studies (MeSH), Faculty, Dental (psychology), Female (MeSH), Hand Disinfection (MeSH), Health Behavior (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Occupational Stress (epidemiology), Pandemics (prevention & control), Pneumonia, Viral (prevention & control), Pneumonia, Viral (psychology), Principal Component Analysis (MeSH), Psychological Theory (MeSH), Surveys and Questionnaires (MeSH).
MESH :
- epidemiology : Occupational Stress.
- prevention & control : Coronavirus Infections, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral.
- psychology : Coronavirus Infections, Faculty, Dental, Pneumonia, Viral.
- Adult, Aged, Betacoronavirus, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Hand Disinfection, Health Behavior, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Principal Component Analysis, Psychological Theory, Surveys and Questionnaires.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

COVID-19 pandemic led to major life changes. We assessed the psychological impact of COVID-19 on dental academics globally and on changes in their behaviors.

METHODS

We invited dental academics to complete a cross-sectional, online survey from March to May 2020. The survey was based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The survey collected data on participants' stress levels (using the Impact of Event Scale), attitude (fears, and worries because of COVID-19 extracted by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), perceived control (resulting from training on public health emergencies), norms (country-level COVID-19 fatality rate), and personal and professional backgrounds. We used multilevel regression models to assess the association between the study outcome variables (frequent handwashing and avoidance of crowded places) and explanatory variables (stress, attitude, perceived control and norms).

RESULTS

1862 academics from 28 countries participated in the survey (response rate = 11.3%). Of those, 53.4% were female, 32.9% were <46 years old and 9.9% had severe stress. PCA extracted three main factors: fear of infection, worries because of professional responsibilities, and worries because of restricted mobility. These factors had significant dose-dependent association with stress and were significantly associated with more frequent handwashing by dental academics (B = 0.56, 0.33, and 0.34) and avoiding crowded places (B = 0.55, 0.30, and 0.28). Low country fatality rates were significantly associated with more handwashing (B = -2.82) and avoiding crowded places (B = -6.61). Training on public health emergencies was not significantly associated with behavior change (B = -0.01 and -0.11).

CONCLUSIONS

COVID-19 had a considerable psychological impact on dental academics. There was a direct, dose-dependent association between change in behaviors and worries but no association between these changes and training on public health emergencies. More change in behaviors was associated with lower country COVID-19 fatality rates. Fears and stresses were associated with greater adoption of preventive measures against the pandemic.

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239961
PubMed: 32991611
PubMed Central: PMC7523990

Affiliations:

Allemagne, Arabie saoudite, Birmanie, Bosnie-Herzégovine, Corée du Sud, France, Inde, Indonésie, Iran, Italie, Japon, Jordanie, Kenya, Libye, Nigeria, Norvège, Pérou, Royaume-Uni, Serbie, Thaïlande, Yémen, Égypte, Émirats arabes unis
Alsace (région administrative), Angleterre, Grand Est, Grand Londres, Latium, Région capitale de Séoul, Région de Kantō
Londres, Rome, Strasbourg, Séoul, Tokyo
Université de Londres

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<author><name sortKey="Folayan, Morenike O" sort="Folayan, Morenike O" uniqKey="Folayan M" first="Morenike O" last="Folayan">Morenike O. Folayan</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Khader, Yousef" sort="Khader, Yousef" uniqKey="Khader Y" first="Yousef" last="Khader">Yousef Khader</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Al Batayneh, Ola B" sort="Al Batayneh, Ola B" uniqKey="Al Batayneh O" first="Ola B" last="Al-Batayneh">Ola B. Al-Batayneh</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Mohebbi, Simin Z" sort="Mohebbi, Simin Z" uniqKey="Mohebbi S" first="Simin Z" last="Mohebbi">Simin Z. Mohebbi</name>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Attia, Sameh" sort="Attia, Sameh" uniqKey="Attia S" first="Sameh" last="Attia">Sameh Attia</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen</wicri:regionArea>
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<wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Howaldt, Hans Peter" sort="Howaldt, Hans Peter" uniqKey="Howaldt H" first="Hans-Peter" last="Howaldt">Hans-Peter Howaldt</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen</wicri:regionArea>
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<wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Boettger, Sebastian" sort="Boettger, Sebastian" uniqKey="Boettger S" first="Sebastian" last="Boettger">Sebastian Boettger</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen</wicri:regionArea>
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<wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Maharani, Diah A" sort="Maharani, Diah A" uniqKey="Maharani D" first="Diah A" last="Maharani">Diah A. Maharani</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rahardjo, Anton" sort="Rahardjo, Anton" uniqKey="Rahardjo A" first="Anton" last="Rahardjo">Anton Rahardjo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok</wicri:regionArea>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khan, Imran" sort="Khan, Imran" uniqKey="Khan I" first="Imran" last="Khan">Imran Khan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Madi, Marwa" sort="Madi, Marwa" uniqKey="Madi M" first="Marwa" last="Madi">Marwa Madi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rashwan, Maher" sort="Rashwan, Maher" uniqKey="Rashwan M" first="Maher" last="Rashwan">Maher Rashwan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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</placeName>
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</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pavlic, Verica" sort="Pavlic, Verica" uniqKey="Pavlic V" first="Verica" last="Pavlic">Verica Pavlic</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Medical Faculty University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Bosnie-Herzégovine</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cicmil, Smiljka" sort="Cicmil, Smiljka" uniqKey="Cicmil S" first="Smiljka" last="Cicmil">Smiljka Cicmil</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Bosnie-Herzégovine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Foca</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Foca</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Choi, Youn Hee" sort="Choi, Youn Hee" uniqKey="Choi Y" first="Youn-Hee" last="Choi">Youn-Hee Choi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Daegu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Joury, Easter" sort="Joury, Easter" uniqKey="Joury E" first="Easter" last="Joury">Easter Joury</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
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</placeName>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Castillo, Jorge L" sort="Castillo, Jorge L" uniqKey="Castillo J" first="Jorge L" last="Castillo">Jorge L. Castillo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Dentistry for Children and Adolescents, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pérou</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Dentistry for Children and Adolescents, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Lima</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Noritake, Kanako" sort="Noritake, Kanako" uniqKey="Noritake K" first="Kanako" last="Noritake">Kanako Noritake</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry department, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry department, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement>
<region type="région">Région de Kantō</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shamala, Anas" sort="Shamala, Anas" uniqKey="Shamala A" first="Anas" last="Shamala">Anas Shamala</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sanaa, Yemen.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Yémen</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sanaa</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Sanaa</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Galluccio, Gabriella" sort="Galluccio, Gabriella" uniqKey="Galluccio G" first="Gabriella" last="Galluccio">Gabriella Galluccio</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Latium</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Polimeni, Antonella" sort="Polimeni, Antonella" uniqKey="Polimeni A" first="Antonella" last="Polimeni">Antonella Polimeni</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Latium</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Phantumvanit, Prathip" sort="Phantumvanit, Prathip" uniqKey="Phantumvanit P" first="Prathip" last="Phantumvanit">Prathip Phantumvanit</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bangkok</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mancino, Davide" sort="Mancino, Davide" uniqKey="Mancino D" first="Davide" last="Mancino">Davide Mancino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region">Alsace (région administrative)</region>
<settlement type="city">Strasbourg</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region">Alsace (région administrative)</region>
<settlement type="city">Strasbourg</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kim, Jin Bom" sort="Kim, Jin Bom" uniqKey="Kim J" first="Jin-Bom" last="Kim">Jin-Bom Kim</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Busan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Abdelsalam, Maha M" sort="Abdelsalam, Maha M" uniqKey="Abdelsalam M" first="Maha M" last="Abdelsalam">Maha M. Abdelsalam</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dammam</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arheiam, Arheiam" sort="Arheiam, Arheiam" uniqKey="Arheiam A" first="Arheiam" last="Arheiam">Arheiam Arheiam</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Libye</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Benghazi</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dama, Mai A" sort="Dama, Mai A" uniqKey="Dama M" first="Mai A" last="Dama">Mai A. Dama</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Palestine</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nyan, Myat" sort="Nyan, Myat" uniqKey="Nyan M" first="Myat" last="Nyan">Myat Nyan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, University of Dental Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, University of Dental Medicine, Mandalay</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mandalay</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hussein, Iyad" sort="Hussein, Iyad" uniqKey="Hussein I" first="Iyad" last="Hussein">Iyad Hussein</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Émirats arabes unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dubai</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alkeshan, Mohammad M" sort="Alkeshan, Mohammad M" uniqKey="Alkeshan M" first="Mohammad M" last="Alkeshan">Mohammad M. Alkeshan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vukovic, Ana P" sort="Vukovic, Ana P" uniqKey="Vukovic A" first="Ana P" last="Vukovic">Ana P. Vukovic</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Serbie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Belgrade</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Iandolo, Alfredo" sort="Iandolo, Alfredo" uniqKey="Iandolo A" first="Alfredo" last="Iandolo">Alfredo Iandolo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Endodontics, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Endodontics, University of Salerno, Fisciano</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Fisciano</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kemoli, Arthur M" sort="Kemoli, Arthur M" uniqKey="Kemoli A" first="Arthur M" last="Kemoli">Arthur M. Kemoli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="El Tantawi, Maha" sort="El Tantawi, Maha" uniqKey="El Tantawi M" first="Maha" last="El Tantawi">Maha El Tantawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Alexandria</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2020">2020</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:32991611</idno>
<idno type="pmid">32991611</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0239961</idno>
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<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000056</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Behavior change due to COVID-19 among dental academics-The theory of planned behavior: Stresses, worries, training, and pandemic severity.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Ammar, Nour" sort="Ammar, Nour" uniqKey="Ammar N" first="Nour" last="Ammar">Nour Ammar</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Alexandria</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Aly, Nourhan M" sort="Aly, Nourhan M" uniqKey="Aly N" first="Nourhan M" last="Aly">Nourhan M. Aly</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Alexandria</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Folayan, Morenike O" sort="Folayan, Morenike O" uniqKey="Folayan M" first="Morenike O" last="Folayan">Morenike O. Folayan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ile-Ife</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khader, Yousef" sort="Khader, Yousef" uniqKey="Khader Y" first="Yousef" last="Khader">Yousef Khader</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Irbid</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Virtanen, Jorma I" sort="Virtanen, Jorma I" uniqKey="Virtanen J" first="Jorma I" last="Virtanen">Jorma I. Virtanen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bergen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Al Batayneh, Ola B" sort="Al Batayneh, Ola B" uniqKey="Al Batayneh O" first="Ola B" last="Al-Batayneh">Ola B. Al-Batayneh</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Irbid</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mohebbi, Simin Z" sort="Mohebbi, Simin Z" uniqKey="Mohebbi S" first="Simin Z" last="Mohebbi">Simin Z. Mohebbi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Attia, Sameh" sort="Attia, Sameh" uniqKey="Attia S" first="Sameh" last="Attia">Sameh Attia</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Howaldt, Hans Peter" sort="Howaldt, Hans Peter" uniqKey="Howaldt H" first="Hans-Peter" last="Howaldt">Hans-Peter Howaldt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boettger, Sebastian" sort="Boettger, Sebastian" uniqKey="Boettger S" first="Sebastian" last="Boettger">Sebastian Boettger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Maharani, Diah A" sort="Maharani, Diah A" uniqKey="Maharani D" first="Diah A" last="Maharani">Diah A. Maharani</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Depok</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rahardjo, Anton" sort="Rahardjo, Anton" uniqKey="Rahardjo A" first="Anton" last="Rahardjo">Anton Rahardjo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Depok</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khan, Imran" sort="Khan, Imran" uniqKey="Khan I" first="Imran" last="Khan">Imran Khan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>New Delhi</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Madi, Marwa" sort="Madi, Marwa" uniqKey="Madi M" first="Marwa" last="Madi">Marwa Madi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dammam</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rashwan, Maher" sort="Rashwan, Maher" uniqKey="Rashwan M" first="Maher" last="Rashwan">Maher Rashwan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Londres</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Alexandria</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pavlic, Verica" sort="Pavlic, Verica" uniqKey="Pavlic V" first="Verica" last="Pavlic">Verica Pavlic</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Medical Faculty University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Bosnie-Herzégovine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Medical Faculty University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Banja Luka</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cicmil, Smiljka" sort="Cicmil, Smiljka" uniqKey="Cicmil S" first="Smiljka" last="Cicmil">Smiljka Cicmil</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Bosnie-Herzégovine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Foca</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Foca</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Choi, Youn Hee" sort="Choi, Youn Hee" uniqKey="Choi Y" first="Youn-Hee" last="Choi">Youn-Hee Choi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Daegu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Joury, Easter" sort="Joury, Easter" uniqKey="Joury E" first="Easter" last="Joury">Easter Joury</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Londres</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Castillo, Jorge L" sort="Castillo, Jorge L" uniqKey="Castillo J" first="Jorge L" last="Castillo">Jorge L. Castillo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Dentistry for Children and Adolescents, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pérou</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Dentistry for Children and Adolescents, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Lima</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Noritake, Kanako" sort="Noritake, Kanako" uniqKey="Noritake K" first="Kanako" last="Noritake">Kanako Noritake</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry department, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry department, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement>
<region type="région">Région de Kantō</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shamala, Anas" sort="Shamala, Anas" uniqKey="Shamala A" first="Anas" last="Shamala">Anas Shamala</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sanaa, Yemen.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Yémen</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sanaa</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Sanaa</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Galluccio, Gabriella" sort="Galluccio, Gabriella" uniqKey="Galluccio G" first="Gabriella" last="Galluccio">Gabriella Galluccio</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Latium</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Polimeni, Antonella" sort="Polimeni, Antonella" uniqKey="Polimeni A" first="Antonella" last="Polimeni">Antonella Polimeni</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Latium</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Phantumvanit, Prathip" sort="Phantumvanit, Prathip" uniqKey="Phantumvanit P" first="Prathip" last="Phantumvanit">Prathip Phantumvanit</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bangkok</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mancino, Davide" sort="Mancino, Davide" uniqKey="Mancino D" first="Davide" last="Mancino">Davide Mancino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region">Alsace (région administrative)</region>
<settlement type="city">Strasbourg</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region">Alsace (région administrative)</region>
<settlement type="city">Strasbourg</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kim, Jin Bom" sort="Kim, Jin Bom" uniqKey="Kim J" first="Jin-Bom" last="Kim">Jin-Bom Kim</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Busan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Abdelsalam, Maha M" sort="Abdelsalam, Maha M" uniqKey="Abdelsalam M" first="Maha M" last="Abdelsalam">Maha M. Abdelsalam</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dammam</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arheiam, Arheiam" sort="Arheiam, Arheiam" uniqKey="Arheiam A" first="Arheiam" last="Arheiam">Arheiam Arheiam</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Libye</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Benghazi</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dama, Mai A" sort="Dama, Mai A" uniqKey="Dama M" first="Mai A" last="Dama">Mai A. Dama</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Palestine</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nyan, Myat" sort="Nyan, Myat" uniqKey="Nyan M" first="Myat" last="Nyan">Myat Nyan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, University of Dental Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, University of Dental Medicine, Mandalay</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mandalay</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hussein, Iyad" sort="Hussein, Iyad" uniqKey="Hussein I" first="Iyad" last="Hussein">Iyad Hussein</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Émirats arabes unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dubai</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alkeshan, Mohammad M" sort="Alkeshan, Mohammad M" uniqKey="Alkeshan M" first="Mohammad M" last="Alkeshan">Mohammad M. Alkeshan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vukovic, Ana P" sort="Vukovic, Ana P" uniqKey="Vukovic A" first="Ana P" last="Vukovic">Ana P. Vukovic</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Serbie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Belgrade</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Iandolo, Alfredo" sort="Iandolo, Alfredo" uniqKey="Iandolo A" first="Alfredo" last="Iandolo">Alfredo Iandolo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Endodontics, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Endodontics, University of Salerno, Fisciano</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Fisciano</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kemoli, Arthur M" sort="Kemoli, Arthur M" uniqKey="Kemoli A" first="Arthur M" last="Kemoli">Arthur M. Kemoli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="El Tantawi, Maha" sort="El Tantawi, Maha" uniqKey="El Tantawi M" first="Maha" last="El Tantawi">Maha El Tantawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Alexandria</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">PloS one</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno>
<imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult (MeSH)</term>
<term>Aged (MeSH)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (MeSH)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (prevention & control)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (psychology)</term>
<term>Cross-Sectional Studies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Faculty, Dental (psychology)</term>
<term>Female (MeSH)</term>
<term>Hand Disinfection (MeSH)</term>
<term>Health Behavior (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Male (MeSH)</term>
<term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term>
<term>Occupational Stress (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Pandemics (prevention & control)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (prevention & control)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (psychology)</term>
<term>Principal Component Analysis (MeSH)</term>
<term>Psychological Theory (MeSH)</term>
<term>Surveys and Questionnaires (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term>
<term>Analyse en composantes principales (MeSH)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (MeSH)</term>
<term>Comportement en matière de santé (MeSH)</term>
<term>Corps enseignant et administratif en odontologie (psychologie)</term>
<term>Désinfection des mains (MeSH)</term>
<term>Enquêtes et questionnaires (MeSH)</term>
<term>Femelle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humains (MeSH)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (prévention et contrôle)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (psychologie)</term>
<term>Mâle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pandémies (prévention et contrôle)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (prévention et contrôle)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (psychologie)</term>
<term>Stress professionnel (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Sujet âgé (MeSH)</term>
<term>Théorie psychologique (MeSH)</term>
<term>Études transversales (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Occupational Stress</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Pandemics</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prévention et contrôle" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Pandémies</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Corps enseignant et administratif en odontologie</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Faculty, Dental</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Stress professionnel</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus</term>
<term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Hand Disinfection</term>
<term>Health Behavior</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Principal Component Analysis</term>
<term>Psychological Theory</term>
<term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Analyse en composantes principales</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus</term>
<term>Comportement en matière de santé</term>
<term>Désinfection des mains</term>
<term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Sujet âgé</term>
<term>Théorie psychologique</term>
<term>Études transversales</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>
</p>
<p>COVID-19 pandemic led to major life changes. We assessed the psychological impact of COVID-19 on dental academics globally and on changes in their behaviors.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b>
</p>
<p>We invited dental academics to complete a cross-sectional, online survey from March to May 2020. The survey was based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The survey collected data on participants' stress levels (using the Impact of Event Scale), attitude (fears, and worries because of COVID-19 extracted by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), perceived control (resulting from training on public health emergencies), norms (country-level COVID-19 fatality rate), and personal and professional backgrounds. We used multilevel regression models to assess the association between the study outcome variables (frequent handwashing and avoidance of crowded places) and explanatory variables (stress, attitude, perceived control and norms).</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b>
</p>
<p>1862 academics from 28 countries participated in the survey (response rate = 11.3%). Of those, 53.4% were female, 32.9% were <46 years old and 9.9% had severe stress. PCA extracted three main factors: fear of infection, worries because of professional responsibilities, and worries because of restricted mobility. These factors had significant dose-dependent association with stress and were significantly associated with more frequent handwashing by dental academics (B = 0.56, 0.33, and 0.34) and avoiding crowded places (B = 0.55, 0.30, and 0.28). Low country fatality rates were significantly associated with more handwashing (B = -2.82) and avoiding crowded places (B = -6.61). Training on public health emergencies was not significantly associated with behavior change (B = -0.01 and -0.11).</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>
</p>
<p>COVID-19 had a considerable psychological impact on dental academics. There was a direct, dose-dependent association between change in behaviors and worries but no association between these changes and training on public health emergencies. More change in behaviors was associated with lower country COVID-19 fatality rates. Fears and stresses were associated with greater adoption of preventive measures against the pandemic.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32991611</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>05</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>07</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1932-6203</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>15</Volume>
<Issue>9</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2020</Year>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>PloS one</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>PLoS One</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Behavior change due to COVID-19 among dental academics-The theory of planned behavior: Stresses, worries, training, and pandemic severity.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>e0239961</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1371/journal.pone.0239961</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE">COVID-19 pandemic led to major life changes. We assessed the psychological impact of COVID-19 on dental academics globally and on changes in their behaviors.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="METHODS">We invited dental academics to complete a cross-sectional, online survey from March to May 2020. The survey was based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The survey collected data on participants' stress levels (using the Impact of Event Scale), attitude (fears, and worries because of COVID-19 extracted by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), perceived control (resulting from training on public health emergencies), norms (country-level COVID-19 fatality rate), and personal and professional backgrounds. We used multilevel regression models to assess the association between the study outcome variables (frequent handwashing and avoidance of crowded places) and explanatory variables (stress, attitude, perceived control and norms).</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="RESULTS">1862 academics from 28 countries participated in the survey (response rate = 11.3%). Of those, 53.4% were female, 32.9% were <46 years old and 9.9% had severe stress. PCA extracted three main factors: fear of infection, worries because of professional responsibilities, and worries because of restricted mobility. These factors had significant dose-dependent association with stress and were significantly associated with more frequent handwashing by dental academics (B = 0.56, 0.33, and 0.34) and avoiding crowded places (B = 0.55, 0.30, and 0.28). Low country fatality rates were significantly associated with more handwashing (B = -2.82) and avoiding crowded places (B = -6.61). Training on public health emergencies was not significantly associated with behavior change (B = -0.01 and -0.11).</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS">COVID-19 had a considerable psychological impact on dental academics. There was a direct, dose-dependent association between change in behaviors and worries but no association between these changes and training on public health emergencies. More change in behaviors was associated with lower country COVID-19 fatality rates. Fears and stresses were associated with greater adoption of preventive measures against the pandemic.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ammar</LastName>
<ForeName>Nour</ForeName>
<Initials>N</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-7654-2493</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aly</LastName>
<ForeName>Nourhan M</ForeName>
<Initials>NM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Folayan</LastName>
<ForeName>Morenike O</ForeName>
<Initials>MO</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-9008-7730</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Khader</LastName>
<ForeName>Yousef</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-7830-6857</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Virtanen</LastName>
<ForeName>Jorma I</ForeName>
<Initials>JI</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Al-Batayneh</LastName>
<ForeName>Ola B</ForeName>
<Initials>OB</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mohebbi</LastName>
<ForeName>Simin Z</ForeName>
<Initials>SZ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Attia</LastName>
<ForeName>Sameh</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-9174-6435</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Howaldt</LastName>
<ForeName>Hans-Peter</ForeName>
<Initials>HP</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boettger</LastName>
<ForeName>Sebastian</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Maharani</LastName>
<ForeName>Diah A</ForeName>
<Initials>DA</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-6713-786X</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rahardjo</LastName>
<ForeName>Anton</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Khan</LastName>
<ForeName>Imran</ForeName>
<Initials>I</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Madi</LastName>
<ForeName>Marwa</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rashwan</LastName>
<ForeName>Maher</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pavlic</LastName>
<ForeName>Verica</ForeName>
<Initials>V</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Medical Faculty University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cicmil</LastName>
<ForeName>Smiljka</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Choi</LastName>
<ForeName>Youn-Hee</ForeName>
<Initials>YH</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-5712-8097</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Joury</LastName>
<ForeName>Easter</ForeName>
<Initials>E</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-2983-0679</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Castillo</LastName>
<ForeName>Jorge L</ForeName>
<Initials>JL</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Dentistry for Children and Adolescents, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Noritake</LastName>
<ForeName>Kanako</ForeName>
<Initials>K</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry department, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shamala</LastName>
<ForeName>Anas</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Preventive and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sanaa, Yemen.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Galluccio</LastName>
<ForeName>Gabriella</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-6876-8839</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Polimeni</LastName>
<ForeName>Antonella</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Phantumvanit</LastName>
<ForeName>Prathip</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mancino</LastName>
<ForeName>Davide</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName>
<ForeName>Jin-Bom</ForeName>
<Initials>JB</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Abdelsalam</LastName>
<ForeName>Maha M</ForeName>
<Initials>MM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Arheiam</LastName>
<ForeName>Arheiam</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dama</LastName>
<ForeName>Mai A</ForeName>
<Initials>MA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nyan</LastName>
<ForeName>Myat</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, University of Dental Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hussein</LastName>
<ForeName>Iyad</ForeName>
<Initials>I</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Alkeshan</LastName>
<ForeName>Mohammad M</ForeName>
<Initials>MM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vukovic</LastName>
<ForeName>Ana P</ForeName>
<Initials>AP</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Iandolo</LastName>
<ForeName>Alfredo</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Endodontics, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kemoli</LastName>
<ForeName>Arthur M</ForeName>
<Initials>AM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>El Tantawi</LastName>
<ForeName>Maha</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-4989-6584</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>29</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country>
<MedlineTA>PLoS One</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>101285081</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>1932-6203</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<SupplMeshList><SupplMeshName Type="Disease" UI="C000657245">COVID-19</SupplMeshName>
<SupplMeshName Type="Organism" UI="C000656484">severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</SupplMeshName>
</SupplMeshList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000073640" MajorTopicYN="N">Betacoronavirus</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="N">prevention & control</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="Y">psychology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003430" MajorTopicYN="N">Cross-Sectional Studies</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005179" MajorTopicYN="N">Faculty, Dental</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="Y">psychology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName>
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Behavior change due to COVID-19 among dental academics-The theory of planned behavior: Stresses, worries, training, and pandemic severity.

Behavior change due to COVID-19 among dental academics-The theory of planned behavior: Stresses, worries, training, and pandemic severity.

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